Segít az időskori elbutulás ellen a gombaevés (hvg.hu, Élet+stílus)

Szingapúri kutatók jöttek rá az összefüggésre.

Szingapúri kutatók arra jutottak, hogy a gombák gyakori fogyasztása segíthet az időskori elbutulás megelőzésében – derült ki a Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease-ben megjelent tanulmányukból.

A kutatók szerint azok az idősek, akik hetente legalább kétadagnyi gombát fogyasztottak (mintegy 150 grammot adagonként), azoknál felére csökkent a fokozott feledékenységgel járó és a demencia előszobájának is tartott enyhe kognitív károsodás (mild cognitive impairment, MCI) esélye.

 

A kutatók hatszáz 60 év feletti Szingapúrban élő kínai adatait elemezték, és arra jutottak, hogy azok, akik sok gombát fogyasztottak, jóval kevésbé mutatták az MCI jeleit.

A kutatók szerint az ergotionein nevű anyag lehet a megoldás, amely egy antioxidáns és gyulladáscsökkentő anyag, amelyet az ember nem tud magától előállítani, a gombákban viszont nagy arányban fordul elő. A kutatók egy korábbi tanulmányukban azt is kimutatták, hogy az MCI-vel küzdők vérében jóval alacsonyabb az ergotionein-szint, mint az egészségesekében.

A tanulmányban több gombát nevesítettek: a sima csiperke mellett a laskagombát, a kelet-ázsiai konyhában népszerű shiitakét és aranytű gombát (vagy más néven téli fülőkét), de a szárított és konzerv gombákat is megemlítették.

Forrás: hvg.hu

A gombákat szárított, őrölt formában könnyedén a mindennapok részévé teheti. Napjainkban már teaként, vagy egyes gombákat kávéba keverve is fogyaszthatja.

Zöldség és gyümölcsturmixok kiváló összetevője lehet!

Biogombás termékek webáruháza közvetlen a termelőtől: www.drganolife.hu

 

Eredeti angol nyelvű bejegyzés:

NUS Study: Eating Mushrooms May Reduce the Risk of Cognitive Decline

13 March 2019

Researchers found seniors who ate more than 300 grams of cooked mushrooms a week were half as likely to have mild cognitive impairment

Singapore, Singapore – A team from the Department of Psychological Medicine and Department of Biochemistry at the Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine at the National University of Singapore (NUS) has found that seniors who consume more than two standard portions of mushrooms weekly may have 50 per cent reduced odds of having mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

A portion was defined as three quarters of a cup of cooked mushrooms with an average weight of around 150 grams. Two portions would be equivalent to approximately half a plate. While the portion sizes act as a guideline, it was shown that even one small portion of mushrooms a week may still be beneficial to reduce chances of MCI.

“This correlation is surprising and encouraging. It seems that a commonly available single ingredient could have a dramatic effect on cognitive decline,” said Assistant Professor Lei Feng, who is from the NUS Department of Psychological Medicine, and the lead author of this work.

The six-year study, which was conducted from 2011 to 2017, collected data from more than 600 Chinese seniors over the age of 60 living in Singapore. The research was carried out with support from the Life Sciences Institute and the Mind Science Centre at NUS, as well as the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council. The results were published online in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease on 12 March 2019.

Determining MCI in seniors
MCI is typically viewed as the stage between the cognitive decline of normal ageing and the more serious decline of dementia. Seniors afflicted with MCI often display some form of memory loss or forgetfulness and may also show deficit on other cognitive function such as language, attention and visuospatial abilities. However, the changes can be subtle, as they do not experience disabling cognitive deficits that affect everyday life activities, which is characteristic of Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia.

“People with MCI are still able to carry out their normal daily activities. So, what we had to determine in this study is whether these seniors had poorer performance on standard neuropsychologist tests than other people of the same age and education background,” explained Asst Prof. Feng. “Neuropsychological tests are specifically designed tasks that can measure various aspects of a person’s cognitive abilities. In fact, some of the tests we used in this study are adopted from commonly used IQ test battery, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.”

As such, the researchers conducted extensive interviews and tests with the senior citizens to determine an accurate diagnosis. “The interview takes into account demographic information, medical history, psychological factors, and dietary habits. A nurse will measure blood pressure, weight, height, handgrip, and walking speed. They will also do a simple screen test on cognition, depression, anxiety,” said Asst Prof. Feng.

After this, a two-hour standard neuropsychological assessment was performed, along with a dementia rating. The overall results of these tests were discussed in depth with expert psychiatrists involved in the study to get a diagnostic consensus.

Mushrooms and cognitive impairment
Six commonly consumed mushrooms in Singapore were referenced in the study. They were golden, oyster, shiitake and white button mushrooms, as well as dried and canned mushrooms. However, it is likely that other mushrooms not referenced would also have beneficial effects.

The researchers believe the reason for the reduced prevalence of MCI in mushroom eaters may be down to a specific compound found in almost all varieties. “We’re very interested in a compound called ergothioneine (ET),” said Dr Irwin Cheah, Senior Research Fellow at the NUS Department of Biochemistry. “ET is a unique antioxidant and anti-inflammatory which humans are unable to synthesise on their own. But it can be obtained from dietary sources, one of the main ones being mushrooms.”

An earlier study by the team on elderly Singaporeans revealed that plasma levels of ET in participants with MCI were significantly lower than age-matched healthy individuals. The work, which was published in the journal Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications in 2016, led to the belief that a deficiency in ET may be a risk factor for neurodegeneration, and increasing ET intake through mushroom consumption might possibly promote cognitive health.

Other compounds contained within mushrooms may also be advantageous for decreasing the risk of cognitive decline. Certain hericenones, erinacines, scabronines and dictyophorines may promote the synthesis of nerve growth factors. Bioactive compounds in mushrooms may also protect the brain from neurodegeneration by inhibiting production of beta amyloid and phosphorylated tau, and acetylcholinesterase.

Next steps
The potential next stage of research for the team is to perform a randomised controlled trial with the pure compound of ET and other plant-based ingredients, such as L-theanine and catechins from tea leaves, to determine the efficacy of such phytonutrients in delaying cognitive decline. Such interventional studies will lead to more robust conclusion on causal relationship. In addition, Asst Prof. Feng and his team also hope to identify other dietary factors that could be associated with healthy brain ageing and reduced risk of age-related conditions in the future.

Caption: A six-year study, led by Assistant Professor Feng Lei (left) from the National University of Singapore, found that seniors who ate more than 300 grams of cooked mushrooms a week were half as likely to have mild cognitive impairment. Dr Irwin Cheah (right) is a member of the research team (credit: National University of Singapore).

###

NOTES FOR EDITORS
Full study: The Association between Mushroom Consumption and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Singapore” by L Feng, Irwin K-M Cheah, Maisie MX Ng, J Li, SM Chan, SL Lim, R Mahendran, E-H Kua, B Halliwell (DOI: 10.3233/JAD-180959) published in Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, Volume 68, Issue 1 by IOS Press. The article is online at: content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad180959.

Contact
For media enquiries, please contact:
Carolyn FONG
Associate Director, Media Relations
Office of University Communications
National University of Singapore
DID: +65 6516-5399
Email: carolyn@nus.edu.sg

About National University of Singapore 
The National University of Singapore (NUS) is Singapore’s flagship university, which offers a global approach to education, research and entrepreneurship, with a focus on Asian perspectives and expertise. We have 17 faculties across three campuses in Singapore, as well as 12 NUS Overseas Colleges across the world. Close to 40,000 students from 100 countries enrich our vibrant and diverse campus community. Our multidisciplinary and real-world approach to education, research and entrepreneurship enables us to work closely with industry, governments and academia to address crucial and complex issues relevant to Asia and the world. Researchers in our faculties, 29 university-level research institutes, research centres of excellence and corporate labs focus on themes that include energy, environmental and urban sustainability; treatment and prevention of diseases common among Asians; active ageing; advanced materials; as well as risk management and resilience of financial systems. Our latest research focus is on the use of data science, operations research and cybersecurity to support Singapore’s Smart Nation initiative. For more information on NUS visit: nus.edu.sg.

About the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease
The Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (JAD) is an international multidisciplinary journal to facilitate progress in understanding the etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, genetics, behavior, treatment and psychology of Alzheimer’s disease. The journal publishes research reports, reviews, short communications, book reviews, and letters-to-the-editor. Groundbreaking research that has appeared in the journal includes novel therapeutic targets, mechanisms of disease and clinical trial outcomes. JAD has an Impact Factor of 3.476 according to the 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018). j-alz.com

About IOS Press
IOS Press is headquartered in Amsterdam with satellite offices in the USA, Germany, India and China and serves the information needs of scientific and medical communities worldwide. IOS Press now publishes over 100 international journals and about 75 book titles each year on subjects ranging from computer sciences and mathematics to medicine and the natural sciences. iospress.com

 

 

 

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